A plant artificial chromosome (PAC) is a de novo synthesized DNA molecule that replicates and functions as an additional chromosome within a plant cell. PACs provide a stable platform for the introduction, modification, or deletion of specific genes in abundance. This technology allows researchers to incorporate large segments of DNA, facilitating the expression of multiple genes or complex pathways. PACs serve as powerful tools for plant genome engineering, enabling the development of crops with enhanced traits such as improved yield, superior nutritional value, resistance to pests and diseases, or resilience to environmental challenges like drought and extreme temperatures. By offering a versatile and scalable approach to genome modification, PACs are poised to advance agricultural innovation and address global food security needs in the future.